Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) in inertial navigation refers to unwanted electromagnetic signals that disrupt the performance of an Inertial Navigation System (INS). EMI can originate from radars, communication systems, power lines, or even other onboard electronics, potentially affecting IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensors, GNSS receivers, and navigation accuracy.
How EMI Affects INS Performance
✔ Gyroscope and Accelerometer Noise – EMI can introduce errors in IMU sensor readings, leading to position drift.
✔ GNSS Signal Jamming – In INS/GNSS hybrid systems, EMI can block GPS signals, reducing positioning accuracy.
✔ Communication Disruptions – EMI may interfere with data transmission between INS and external systems, causing delayed or corrupted navigation data.
Sources of EMI in INS Applications
High-Power Radars & Military Jamming – Common in aerospace and defense applications.
Industrial Machinery & Power Systems – Strong electrical fields in factories, ships, and power plants.
Onboard Electronics – Internal sources like motors, wireless devices, and avionics systems.
How INS Overcomes EMI Challenges
✔ Electromagnetic Shielding – Protects IMU and navigation electronics from interference.
✔ FOG & RLG-Based Navigation – Fiber Optic Gyroscopes (FOG) and Ring Laser Gyroscopes (RLG) are resistant to EMI.
✔ Error Correction Algorithms – Kalman filtering and sensor fusion help reduce EMI-induced errors.
