An IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) is a sensor module used in Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) to measure an object’s motion, orientation, and acceleration. It consists of gyroscopes, accelerometers, and sometimes magnetometers, making it a key component for GNSS-aided and standalone navigation in aerospace, defense, autonomous vehicles, and robotics.
How an IMU Works in INS?
Gyroscopes – Measure angular velocity (roll, pitch, yaw) to track rotation.
Accelerometers – Detect linear acceleration to estimate velocity and position.
Magnetometers (Optional) – Measure Earth’s magnetic field for heading correction.
Why IMUs are Essential in INS?
✔ Works Without GNSS – Enables dead reckoning in GPS-denied environments (e.g., submarines, military operations).
✔ Provides Continuous Motion Tracking – Used in aircraft, missiles, and autonomous navigation.
✔ Integrated with INS & Sensor Fusion – IMUs are combined with GNSS, LiDAR, and radar for precise positioning.
