HAPS (High-Altitude Pseudo-Satellite) refers to unmanned aerial platforms operating in the stratosphere (above 18 km or 60,000 feet) that provide persistent surveillance, communications, and navigation support. In inertial navigation (INS), HAPS can serve as a GNSS alternative or augmentation, improving navigation accuracy in GNSS-denied environments.
How HAPS Supports Inertial Navigation?
GNSS Augmentation – HAPS can act as a pseudo-satellite, transmitting positioning signals to assist INS/GNSS integration.
Navigation Backup in GNSS-Denied Areas – Used in military operations, disaster zones, and remote regions where satellite signals are unavailable.
Real-Time Mapping & Surveillance – Provides high-resolution terrain data to support terrain-aided navigation (TAN).
Advantages of HAPS in INS Applications
✔ Long-Endurance Positioning Support – Operates for weeks or months, enhancing INS stability and accuracy.
✔ Improves Navigation for UAVs & Military Systems – Provides a reliable alternative to GNSS in contested environments.
✔ Reduces INS Drift – Helps correct accumulated errors in long-duration inertial navigation.
Challenges of HAPS in Navigation
✔ Weather Sensitivity – HAPS platforms rely on solar power and clear atmospheric conditions for stability.
✔ Limited Payload Capacity – Compared to satellites, HAPS has lower power and data transmission capabilities.
