RLG
RLG (Ring Laser Gyroscope) is a type of gyroscope used in inertial navigation systems (INS) to measure angular velocity with high precision and stability. Unlike mechanical gyroscopes, an RLG operates using laser interference instead of moving parts, making it highly reliable, durable, and resistant to external disturbances. How Does an RLG Work in INS? Laser […]
Resolution
Resolution in inertial navigation systems (INS) refers to the smallest detectable change in a measured parameter, such as acceleration, angular velocity, or position. It defines the sensitivity and precision of the system’s sensors, particularly the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), which consists of accelerometers and gyroscopes. Higher resolution allows for more precise measurements, which leads to […]
ROV
ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) refers to an unmanned, remote-controlled underwater vehicle used for marine exploration, industrial inspections, and military applications. In inertial navigation systems (INS), ROVs rely on IMUs (Inertial Measurement Units), DVLs (Doppler Velocity Logs), depth sensors, and acoustic positioning systems to navigate in GNSS-denied underwater environments where traditional GPS signals cannot reach.
Relative Position
Relative position refers to the position of an object or vehicle relative to a reference point rather than an absolute coordinate system (such as GNSS-based latitude and longitude). It is commonly used in formation flying, autonomous navigation, robotics, and military applications where the focus is on the relative movement between objects rather than global positioning. […]
Reference Station
A Reference Station refers to a fixed GNSS receiver located at a known, precisely surveyed location. It provides real-time correction data to improve the accuracy of GNSS-based positioning by compensating for errors such as satellite clock drift, ionospheric delays, and tropospheric errors. Reference stations are a key component of RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) and DGPS (Differential […]
Receiver
In inertial navigation systems (INS), a receiver refers to a sensor or device that collects external signals (such as GNSS, radar, LiDAR, or radio signals) to assist in determining the position, velocity, and time (PVT) of the system. The receiver works alongside the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) to correct for drift errors and enhance the […]
RTLS
RTLS (Real-Time Location System) is a technology used to determine the real-time position of an object or device within a defined space using positioning sensors. In inertial navigation systems (INS), RTLS typically involves a combination of active and passive sensors, such as RFID, ultrasonic sensors, infrared sensors, radar, or ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, to track and […]
CEP
CEP (Circular Error Probable) is a statistical measure used to describe the precision of a navigation system’s positioning. It represents the radius of a circle within which a system’s position estimate is expected to fall, with a 50% probability. In other words, CEP is a measure of the accuracy of a navigation solution, indicating that […]
RTK
RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) is an advanced GNSS positioning technology used in inertial navigation systems (INS) to achieve high-precision positioning. RTK works by using real-time corrections from a reference station to improve the accuracy of the GNSS signals received by a rover or mobile receiver. The corrections help to eliminate errors caused by atmospheric delays, satellite […]
Random Walk
Random Walk refers to a type of error model commonly observed in inertial navigation systems (INS), where the system’s position, velocity, or other states accumulate random errors over time, leading to a gradual increase in uncertainty. This phenomenon is often associated with sensor noise, particularly in accelerometers and gyroscopes used in INS. It manifests as […]
